Functions of mass communication.ppt

 

Functions of mass communication from SanjayJogadiya

Character analysis waiting for the barbarians.ppt

 

Character analysis waiting for the barbarians from SanjayJogadiya

The white tiger.ppt

 

The white tiger from SanjayJogadiya

THinking Activity: The Sense of an Ending

 

1.  How do you understand memory and history with reference to your reading of this novel.

Ans :

The novel speakes of the memory and history which has different parameters. The novel constructes aspects about the memory. We keep our memories but we can not rely on that. We constructes our memories through our perspective. Memory records about what happened, perhaps it is not recorded as it is. The first part is about 'imperfection of memory'. As Adrian refers "History is that certainty produced at the point where the imperfections of memory meet the inadequacies of documentations." We can say great history to personal memory. Inadequacies of documents can't makes the certain history. As in the novel Tony remembers imperfect memory in which he can not thinks of his deeds. History and memory both are very much connected because history is the part of our memories. Tony’s own tale of his student days is quite unreliable.

2. How do you understand the concept of suicide with reference to your reading of literature ranging from Renaissance play Hamlet, 20th cen Existentialist philosophy and this 21st cen novel The Sense of an Ending?

Ans :

First novelistic suicide pattern merged in nineteenth century. Authors like Ernest Hemingway and Virginia Woolf include theme of suicide in their writing.In Shakespeare' s Hamlet Ophelia committed suicide by some particular reason. But Hamlet was mentally upset man though he doesn't think to like this.

If we see suicide in 20th century Existentialist philosophy,then we can recall first Waiting for Godot. It is based on Existentialism and Vladimir and Estragon wants to committed suicide but they can't do it. They have not any responsibility in life though they don't do that. They have nothing to live life but they can't die also. If we see it as philosophical way that it means is when people are not able to maintain meaning that they are most psychotically vulnerable.By the reading of The Sense of An Ending, there are two people commit suicide,Robson and Adrian. Both have different reason but why Adrian committed suicide is not clearly visible. Robson escape from his responsibilities and choose to die. He has fear about lost of his morality and how society will treat him after knowing the reason.But Tony Webster has not done this all things though he was the reason of damage of someone's life. While character like Adrian who think that they have enjoy the life so now the time is coming to die and he committed suicide.

Sahitya Akademy Awardee Poet Arundhati Subramaniam: Where God is a Traveller

 

In this Poem when God travels often focuses on the minute details of everyday life, but also sees in those details, the hints of Godhead, an Uber-reality. When I asked the poet, "If I were to call you the Mira of the modern age, would I be an ignorant follower of Prapancha Krishna?" He laughed, not annoyed, but pointed out that his poems also mention Shiva, Kartikeya, and others. Muruga, Krishna, and other divinities appear to be enchanting incarnations, made up of elements of our contemporary reality and sometimes denied by him. This is also evident in middle age. In 'Efigrams for Life After Life', Arundhati Subramaniam clearly describes that, when life suddenly turns, we will learn to find profit in our losses.

 

This is a theme that has nothing to do with Mira: How to lose the kingdom of the earth but regain the (divine) self. As Subramaniam puts it, "Bhakti (devotion) is the spirit of these poems - away from an enthusiastic, functional or intellectual antithesis of devotion. I think we have often turned devotion into an animus animal." This devotion in his poems also reflects the transition of his life since I came in contact with him in the 1990s. "Previously I thought my public personality would be about the 'arts', and my private self would be about 'spirituality.' Many different splits exploded, and the poems in this volume show it. But what about the second part: between the poet and the reader? "Some will see you as highly intellectual. How accessible do you think your poems are?"

 

 

Subramaniam recalls that when she was 13 years old, she met T.S. Part of Eliot's poems was stumbled upon. She didn't understand it all, but "I knew I was in the presence of beauty and mystery." She did not know who Eliot was. For 13 years, she was his invention.  "We all want as much mystery as clarity. Beauty - and truth - are in the pattern. Both a hundred-watt luster is good for shopping malls, not for poetry!" Subramaniam adds that she likes Randall Jarel’s comment, people don’t stop reading modern poetry because it’s hard: they find it difficult because they stop reading it.

 

 

Sunday Reading: Bonfire (Holika Dahan)

 

Lerwick, Scotland hosts a fire festival similar to Holi called 'Up Helly Aa'. Only three times closed at the time of Queen Victoria's death and two during World War II. In the old pagan religions such winter farewell festivals were common in almost every country. In the deserts of Nevada, a festival similar to the Ravana Dahan called Burning Man is celebrated. A festival like Holi called Onio is celebrated in Japan. Farmers in South Korea celebrate such a festival by burning waste. Where have we gone beyond the pagan religion of thousands of gods and goddesses? When Mahavira Buddha made a new attempt, Mahavira shrugged and pushed the Buddha out. The rest are all sorted stories.

Larvic Up Haley takes place on the last Tuesday in January, and there is a wonderful experience to see the Viking-themed Fire Festival. However, if you are unable to participate in Service Up Haley, you will be happy to know that there are many other community fire festivals and that too is the best to watch.

Shetland's first fire festival of the year takes place at what was once the former capital of Shetland. The event begins at 19.00 when 200 to 300 guides lead a torch-lit procession through the village before arranging Viking Galli on the sea at Port Arthur! After that, the guides will visit five local halls: Bridge End, Hamnawo, Tingwal, Scaley Hall Hall, Dance, Entertainment and Restore Mutton Soup for a night at the Scleye Legion and Skeleton Boating Club!

South Mainland Up Haley This is a very recent festival, which started only in 2010. These five fields that cover it take a turn to host the event; These are Gulbarwick and Kwarf, Kingsburg and Fllad Dibister, Sandwick and Hoswick, Bigton and Levenwick, and Dunroness. As a result, the evening procession and the place to burn the glee may vary from year to year. Burning sites include St. Ninis Isle Eyre, Groutness Beach, Mail Beach, Hoswick Beach, and Gulbarg Beach. Halls in use include Gulbarwick Hall, Kingsburg Hall, Sandwick Social Club, Bigton Hall, and Ness Boating Club. SMUHA is also a very pleasing short name to say and, in Leslie Simpson, the first adult female was Geyser Jarrell

Happy Lohri is a traditional greeting to Lohri. The community comes together and wishes each other a ‘Happy Lohri’ which marks the beginning of a new season. The word Lohri is derived from two words, sesame, and sorghum, which are traditionally eaten during the festival. The words 'sesame' and 'rori' together sounded like 'tilohari' earlier in history, gradually morphing into 'Lohri. A fire dies, dinner involves a selection of crowds like Mackie di Roti te Sarson da Sag and Lassi. The Lohri celebration celebrates the beginning of the harvest season. Celebrated to provide thanks for harvesting as excellent as possible. The night of Lohri, traditionally known as the winter solstice, is the longest night of the year. The festival of Lohri indicates that the bitter cold of winter is coming to an end and happy sunny days are coming.

 

Makarsankranti, also known as Makarsankranti, is celebrated in different parts of the Indian subcontinent and is celebrated on a day in which the sun always rotates on rising days. The festival is a seasonal observance as well as a religious celebration. Despite being extremely popular as Makarsankranti, the festival is primarily a harvest festival and is celebrated all over India, from north, south, and east to west. Makarsankranti is most famous in West India, down south, as the festival Pangal and in the north, it is celebrated as Lohri. Uttarayan, Magi, Khichdi are some other names of the same festival.

Thinking Activity: Da Vinci Code

 

Worksheet: Screening Movie The Da Vinci Code based on novel by Dan Brown

                          

1. Brown states on his website that his books are not anti-Christian, though he is on a 'constant spiritual journey' himself, and says that his book The Da Vinci Code is simply "an entertaining story that promotes spiritual discussion and debate" and suggests that the book may be used "as a positive catalyst for introspection and exploration of our faith."

Ans :

Dan Brown asserts that his books are not anti-Christian, and it is right also because he wants to reveal the facts. He also says that he is on the spiritual journey as he portrays the characters who have faith in the religion. Through the murder mystery he unfolds the factual things about the Christianity.  if we look deeply then we can find that there is much serious issues on which Brown throws light. In a way he is trying to awaken the people from the blind faith.  there are several incidence which shows us that our hero has faith on the Christianity and also he don’t want to break it. We can say that Robert Langdon's journey as a pilgrimage. The search for the Spiritual Truth. Brown is just using the historical fact with his imagined story.

2. Although it is obvious that much of what Brown presented in his novel as absolutely true and accurate is neither of those, some of that material is of course essential to the intrigue, and screenwriter Akiva Goldsman has retained the novel's core, the Grail-related material: the sacred feminine, Mary Magdalene's marriage, the Priory of Sion, certain aspects of Leonardo's art, and so on[1].” How far do you agree with this observation of Norris J. Lacy?

Ans:

Yes, the observation of Norris Lacy is true. We can say Akiva Goldsman has conserved the story line and it is much like novel. The grail related material, definite aspects of Leonardo's art and many things. The screen writer is successful to keep the core content through the use of all the symbols and secrets about the novel. We can find the scenes in Louvre museum so it is much realistic. Dan Brown's major materials for the novel is taken from the book 'The holy blood and the holy grail'. The idea of feminine sacredness is much live as Sophie Nevue leads to Robert Langton.

3. You have studied ‘Genesis’ (The Bible), ‘The Paradise Lost’ (John Milton) and ‘The Da Vinci Code’ (Dan Brown). Which of the narrative/s seem/s to be truthful? Whose narrative is convincing to the contemporary young mind?

Ans:

The narrative of the da Vinci code is more convincing because its time to doubt and not believing in what is written and said. Milton's The Paradise Lost is story of god,punishment So it keep people in fear while The Da Vinci code tries to prove Jesus as man in logical way. So Da Vinci code is more convincing in this era.

4. What harm has been done to humanity by the biblical narration or that of Milton’s in The Paradise Lose? What sort of damage does narrative like ‘The Vinci Code’ do to humanity?

Ans:

 Milton displays woman as downfall of a man and in many narrator there is woman who is the reason of downfall of man. In The Da Vinci code society and people were not free. Even artists also had to paint and draw what church want. Lots of people have been killing for religion. The Da Vinci code tries to deconstruct Jesus as God with the help of myths. In the novel there is description of how millions of women were killed for killing of Marie Magdalene. This work can be do harm in that way. In the end it proves that heir of Jesus is living. So for protection of power again church can do same thing.

5. What difference do you see in the portrayal of 'Ophelia' (Kate Winslet) in Kenneth Branagh's Hamlet, 'Elizabeth' (Helena Bonham Carter) in Kenneth Branagh's Mary Shelley's Frankenstein or 'Hester Prynne' (Demi Moore) in Roland Joffé's The Scarlet Letter' or David Yates's 'Harmione Granger' (Emma Watson) in last four Harry Potter films - and 'Sophie Neuve' (Audrey Tautau) in Ron Howard's The Da Vinci Code? How would justify your answer?

Ans:

 The portrayal of the character its makes difference, and the perspectives towards the author or film maker is different for us, Kenneth Branagh sexually objected Kate Winset by taking liberty with Ophelia's portrayal and showed her nude which we do not find in Shakespeare's Hamlet. Ron maintained sacredness in Sophie's portrayal  in movie and thus, even if Dan's Sophie is kissed on lips, he do not show those scenes in movie. Kenneth Branagh in Frankenstein also, takes liberty with portrayal of Elizabeth on screen, whereas Ron Howard, remained faithful to the central theme of feminine sacredness in Sophie's portrayal.

 6. Do novel / film lead us into critical (deconstructive) thinking about your religion? Can we think of such conspiracy theory about Hindu religious symbols / myths?

Ans:

 The DA Vinci code questions that whom we believe God, are they really God or they were humans like us? In Hindu religion also there are established gods and goddesses. Rama and Krishna are prominent gods of Hindus but they can be man. Only source of their information are books.  Most of the stories of Hindu religion tells the stories of how God punishes who do not worship them. There are lots of examples in vratkathas.  Those type of stories are conspiracies to keep people in fear.

7. Have you come across any similar book/movie, which tries to deconstruct accepted notions about Hindu religion or culture and by dismantling it, attempts to reconstruct another possible interpretation of truth?

Ans:

Yes, we can find in films like 'OMG' and 'PK', which deconstructs the idea of God and the existence of God.

8. When we do traditional reading of the novel ‘The Da Vinci Code’, Robert Langdon, Professor of Religious Symbology, Harvard University emerges as protagonist and Sir Leigh Teabing, a British Historian as antagonist. Who will claim the position of protagonist if we do atheist reading of the novel?

Ans:

When novel ends protagonist Robert Langdon clearly  emerges as staunch believer of God while antagonist Leigh Teabing as atheist. Teabing's only intention is to make all humans free. Free from fear of God. He always believed that Jesus is not God and whole life tries to find secret of holy grail and prove it. He kills many people and can do anything to prove his belief. So if we read novel as atheist novel then Leigh Teabing will be protagonist. And his intention also can be consider good for humanity.

9. Explain Ann Gray’s three propositions on ‘knowability’ with illustrations from the novel ‘The Da Vinci Code’.

a.       1) Identifying what is knowable

b.      2) identifying and acknowledging the relationship of the knower and the known

c.      3) What is the procedure for ‘knowing’?

Ans :

 In this novel this sentence "I dont know what I dont know" is reflecting here, even character of Sophia her self don't know that she is descendant of Jesus and also Robert langdon quest for knowing is also presented, so idea of 'knowability' is play a vital role in this novel.  And after the known the truth Sophia and Robert langdon are seems to not happy, they dont take much interest to revel the truth to the worlds.

Thinking Activity: The White Tiger

 

1. How far do you agree with the India represented in the novel The White Tiger?

 

Ans:- The representation of India is advanced it is also poor, corrupt, acting, and cheating. Surprisingly, I agree, not only India, but all the countries in the world have this kind of bad problem. But that doesn’t make it all bad. Adiga is clinging to the ghats of India. The novel was short-lived in the years 2008, then progressing strongly. But even after that, the fulfillment of that talk is the destruction of poverty, corruption, and corruption in India. Landlords who live far away from some places rule over the people of the city. Many people are also not properly educated. So, not allowed by India, but introduced by Adiga, introduced by “White Tiger”, but that’s not what we’re talking about.

 

(2) Do you believe that Balram's story is the archetype of all stories of 'rags to riches'?

 

Ans:- We can see that at the end of the stories depicting the poor as the central character make the poor rich. We can see a lot of people who are like Balaram. Belonging to a poor and extended family, who has not completed their studies, who goes to work from an early age and who has insulted the rich. Such stories depict the struggle of the poor to achieve their dream and to become rich. Ways to reach the goal of wealth may be different in each story but suffering is always the same. So, in this way, we can say that Balram's story is the wonder of all the stories of 'Ragathi Reaches'.

 

(3) "Language bears within itself the necessity of its own critique, deconstructive criticism aims to show that any text inevitably undermines its own claims to have a determinate meaning, and licences the reader to produce his own meanings out of it by an activity of semantic 'free play' (Derrida, 1978, in Lodge, 1988, p. 108). Is it possible to do deconstructive reading of The White Tiger? How?

 

Ans:-  Yes, it is possible to deconstruct "White Tiger". We can deconstruct it with the help of Derrida's notion of the meaning of the free play. To break the language we need to find its loose stone. The yellow stone of "The White Tiger" is that Balram himself says that he is "semi-supported". This word breaks the philosophy and all the ideals that Balram gives by giving his own example. Because he is not fully educated. He understands things with the limited power of analysis. He allocates deep shallow philosophies to his shallow thoughts and thinking. For example, he compares the idea of ​​killing his master to gaining freedom with the knowledge of the Buddha.

Thinking Activity: on@tcc

 

Globalization

I.            Cultural uniformity of workers in the call center

II.            Employee performance

III.            English language issue

IV.            Growing awareness of techniques

V.            Man and Woman are the same

VI.            Revolution

VII.            Increased anxiety, fear, and stress.

 

Globalization is the opening of a local and nationalist perspective to a broader view of an interconnected and interdependent world with free transfer of capital, goods, and services across national borders. Globalization has both positive and negative effects. And standards of life and quality of life. In this novel, we find globalization that Chetan Bhagat wants to send a message to Indians that they are well paid to work in a call center, but it gives them the opportunity to do something else or for their skills and creativity. In this novel we find globalization

 

Self-help book ...

 

The self-help book is about helping to create ethical lessons, problem-solving, and personal philosophy. Self-help book means self-improvement, style - non-fiction book. Self-help books mostly focus on popular psychology such as romantic relationships, or aspects of the mind and human behavior. God’s call on Tcc shows the moral message and develops the confidence of the characters. We see all the characters suffer in their lives. All these problems we find in our real life and also in society. With the help of the book type, we find the solution to the problem. Chetan Bhagat presents the real-life situation of the people and how they manage all that life. Basically, the main intention of the self-help book is to instruct readers at the end of the novel by providing them a path for coming out from their problems. Along with its realistic representation of society, it also falls under self-help books. In the novel, all the characters are facing one or another kind of problems in their life.

Thinking Activity: Teaching Language through Literature

 

Introduction

 

English education in India is largely based on the teaching of literature. It has only changed in recent years from teaching language to literature. The relationship between literature and English language education has been a difficult one during all these years. In many situations, when English language teaching took a structured approach, literature was taught as a separate subject. Nevertheless, current approaches have endeavored to review the value of literature and have begun to maintain its value again. These approaches emphasize the value of teaching literature in many ways, primarily as an agent for language development and improvement. Literature is an oral art that draws readers to appreciate the beauty of language. Literature is used in English language education to give students a sense of the classics of literature, to increase the general cultural awareness of students, to stimulate students' creative and literary imagination, and to develop their appreciation of literature. Literary texts provide a rich source of linguistic input and in addition to giving learners examples of grammatical compositions and presenting new vocabulary, skills in four languages ​​- listening, speaking, reading, and writing -. Literary texts provide opportunities for multi-social classroom experiences and can appeal to a variety of learning styles. Literature is beginning to be seen as a suitable vehicle for language learning and development, as it now focuses on language and authentic conditions.

 

What sort of activities or tasks can be designed to teach language using a 'novel' or 'short story'.

 

 

·        The use of literature in the ELT classroom is enjoying revival for many reasons. Literature became less popular after becoming part of traditional language teaching approaches when the focus began on language teaching and functional use of language through teaching.

 

·        However, the role of literature in the ELT classroom has been re-evaluated and many now see literature (novel and short story) as rich linguistic input, an effective source of inspiration for students to express themselves in other languages ​​and a potential source of learning. Inspiration. .

 

·        Literary texts can be studied in their original forms or in simpler or shorter versions. Growing up stories in English are written especially for learners of other languages. Types of literary novels and short stories that can be studied inside and outside the ELT classroom

 

What sort of activities or tasks can be designed to teach language using a 'film or videos

 

·        Video materials provide visual aids for the listening materials that learners are exposed to When they are practicing their listening skills, learners often find it difficult to hold their attention long enough once they are exposed to long conversations or passages without visual aids.

 

·        Videos can provide much more information for listeners and

·        can keep the attention focused on the aural material. On the other hand, authentic video materials can create a more realistic language learning environment and stimulate learners’ interest in English learning and enhance their comprehensive linguistic competence.

 

·        Language learning theories state that the process of language learning includes three key parts: language input (reading and listening), assimilation internal processing and memorization, and language output speaking, writing, and translation.